January, 2015 | Terra Incognita

Python

Real time Drone object tracking using Python and OpenCV

After flying this past weekend (together with Gabriel and Leandro) with Gabriel’s drone (which is an handmade APM 2.6 based quadcopter) in our town (Porto Alegre, Brasil), I decided to implement a tracking for objects using OpenCV and Python and check how the results would be using simple and fast methods like Meanshift. The result was very impressive and I believe that there is plenty of room for optimization, but the algorithm is now able to run in real time using Python with good results and with a Full HD resolution of 1920×1080 and 30 fps.

Here is the video of the flight that was piloted by Gabriel:

See it in Full HD for more details.

The algorithm can be described as follows and it is very simple (less than 50 lines of Python) and straightforward:

A ROI (Region of Interest) is defined, in this case the building that I want to track
The normalized histogram and back-projection are calculated
The Meanshift algorithm is used to track the ROI

The entire code for the tracking is described below:

import numpy as np
import cv2

def run_main():
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture('upabove.mp4')

    # Read the first frame of the video
    ret, frame = cap.read()

    # Set the ROI (Region of Interest). Actually, this is a
    # rectangle of the building that we're tracking
    c,r,w,h = 900,650,70,70
    track_window = (c,r,w,h)

    # Create mask and normalized histogram
    roi = frame[r:r+h, c:c+w]
    hsv_roi = cv2.cvtColor(roi, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
    mask = cv2.inRange(hsv_roi, np.array((0., 30.,32.)), np.array((180.,255.,255.)))
    roi_hist = cv2.calcHist([hsv_roi], [0], mask, [180], [0, 180])
    cv2.normalize(roi_hist, roi_hist, 0, 255, cv2.NORM_MINMAX)
    term_crit = (cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_EPS | cv2.TERM_CRITERIA_COUNT, 80, 1)
    
    while True:
        ret, frame = cap.read()

        hsv = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
        dst = cv2.calcBackProject([hsv], [0], roi_hist, [0,180], 1)

        ret, track_window = cv2.meanShift(dst, track_window, term_crit)

        x,y,w,h = track_window
        cv2.rectangle(frame, (x,y), (x+w,y+h), 255, 2)
        cv2.putText(frame, 'Tracked', (x-25,y-10), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
            1, (255,255,255), 2, cv2.CV_AA)
        
        cv2.imshow('Tracking', frame)

        if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
            break

    cap.release()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    run_main()

I hope you liked it !

26/01/201531/01/2015 by Christian S. Perone

Programming, Python

Arduino and OLED display to monitor Redis for fun and profit

I’m working on a new platform (hardware, firmware and software) to create “Stat Cubes“, which are tiny devices with OLED displays and wireless to monitor services or anything you want. While working on it I’ve made a little proof-of-concept using Arduino to monitor Redis server statistics. The Stat Cubes will be open-source in future but I’ve open-sourced the code of the PoC using Arduino and OLED to monitor the Redis server using a Python monitor that sends data from Redis server to the Arduino if someone is interested.

The main idea of Stat Cubes is that you will be able to leave the tiny cubes on your desk or even carry them with you. It will be a long road before I get the first version ready but if people show interest on it I’ll certainly try to speed up things.

Below you can see a video of the display working, you can also visit the repository for more screenshots, information and source-code both for the monitoring application and also for the Arduino code.